What does semiconservative replication refer to in DNA synthesis?

Semiconservative replication is a fundamental concept in molecular biology that describes the process by which DNA is replicated. In this process, each of the two strands of the original DNA double helix serves as a template for the formation of a new complementary strand. As a result, each newly formed DNA molecule consists of one original (parent) strand and one newly synthesized strand. This mechanism ensures that the genetic information is accurately preserved through generations of cells.

This model of replication supports genetic fidelity, as the parent strand—having existed prior to the replication—provides a reliable guide for synthesizing the new complementary strand. This is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the genetic code across cell divisions. The process of semiconservative replication was famously demonstrated by the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which provided clear evidence supporting this model.

The other options do not accurately reflect the nature of semiconservative replication. For example, the idea of two newly synthesized strands forming a new DNA molecule overlooks the parental strand's critical role in the process. Similarly, stating that both strands of DNA are completely new contradicts the essence of semiconservative replication. Lastly, while replication with error correction mechanisms is an important aspect of DNA synthesis, it does not define the semiconservative nature