What type of relationship exists between termites and the protozoan Trichonympha?

The relationship between termites and the protozoan Trichonympha is mutualistic. In this symbiotic partnership, both species benefit significantly from their association. Termites are unable to digest cellulose efficiently on their own, which is a major component of their wood-based diet. The protozoan Trichonympha resides in the intestines of termites and aids in the breakdown of cellulose, converting it into simpler compounds that the termites can utilize for nutrition.

In return for providing this vital digestive assistance, Trichonympha gains a stable environment and a constant food source from the material present in the termite's gut. This interdependence highlights the cooperative nature of their relationship, as neither could thrive as effectively in their ecological niche without the other. The mutualistic relationship exemplifies how different organisms can evolve together to create systems of support that enhance their chances of survival and success.